Moving Knowledge to Action: Aware,Adopt, Adapt (A3)

This article begins with an overview of the knowledge translation (KT) process, introduces commonly used KT terms and the Aware-Adopt-Adapt (A³) KT map. The A³ was created by a nurse practitioner (NP) for practitioners and NP students to provide a map for those who wish to move existing knowledge to practice, yet do not know where to start or do not have the time to take a deeper dive into specific KT theories.     

Survival and Outcomes of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients Stratified by Transplant Status 2007-2018: Retrospective Analysis from the Canadian Myeloma Research Group Database

BackgroundConsiderable progress has been made in therapeutic options for multiple myeloma (MM). Understanding the current landscape of MM treatment options and associated outcomes in the real world is important in providing key insights into clinical and knowledge gaps which could be targeted for further optimization.MethodsThe Canadian Myeloma Research Group Database (CMRG-DB) is a prospectively maintained disease-specific database with >7000 patients. The objective of this study was to describe the trends in the treatment landscape and outcomes including early mortality, time to next treatment, and overall survival (OS) in each line of treatment stratified by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) receipt among newly-diagnosed MM patients in Canada between 2007 and 2018.ResultsA total of 5154 patients were identified among which 3030 patients (58.8%) received an upfront ASCT and 2124 (41.2%) did not. At diagnosis, the median age was 64 years and 58.6% were males. Bortezomib and lenalidomide were most frequently used (>50%) in first and second-line treatment respectively among both the ASCT and non-ASCT cohort. The median OS was 122.0 months (95% Cl 115.0-135.0 months) and 54.3 months (95% CI 50.8-58.8 months) for the ASCT and non-ASCT cohort respectively with an incremental decrease in OS in each subsequent line of treatment.ConclusionWe present the largest study to date in the Canadian landscape showing the characteristics, therapy usage, and outcomes among MM patients. This information will be critical in benchmarking current outcomes and provide key insight into areas of unmet needs and gaps for improvement of MM patients nationally.     

A novel CDKN1A-JAZF1 gene fusion in low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma arising from endometriosis in abdominal wall cesarean section scar: A case report and literature review

ObjectiveWe report a low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) with a novel CDKN1A-JAZF1 fusion gene arising from abdominal wall endometrioma.Case reportA 40-year-old woman presented with a 5.5-cm abdominal wall mass juxtaposed to the postoperative scar of two cesarean sections. Histologically, the tumor exhibited obvious tongue-like protrusions into the surrounding tissue, showed spindle cells with multinodular growth pattern that occasionally rotate around small arteries. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD10, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), negatively stained for smooth muscle actin (SMA), CD117, CyclinD1. In addition, a previously undescribed gene fusion between CDNK1A 5′ end of exon 1(NM_000389.5) and JAZF1 3′ end of exon 5 (NM_175,061,3) was reported in this case.ConclusionThis report of ESS suggesting that rapidly growing abdominal wall masses without menstruation-related should be promptly evaluated and treated aggressively. In addition, we have expanded the molecular landscape of low-grade ESS.     

The social vulnerability metric (SVM) as a new tool for public health

Objective

To derive and validate a new ecological measure of the social determinants of health (SDoH), calculable at the zip code or county level.

Data Sources and Study Setting

The most recent releases of secondary, publicly available data were collected from national U.S. health agencies as well as state and city public health departments.

Study Design

The Social Vulnerability Metric (SVM) was constructed from U.S. zip-code level measures (2018) from survey data using multidimensional Item Response Theory and validated using outcomes including all-cause mortality (2016), COVID-19 vaccination (2021), and emergency department visits for asthma (2018). The SVM was also compared with the existing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to determine convergent validity and differential predictive validity.

Data Collection/Extraction Methods

The data were collected directly from published files available to the public online from national U.S. health agencies as well as state and city public health departments.

Principal Findings

The correlation between SVM scores and national age-adjusted county all-cause mortality was r = 0.68. This correlation demonstrated the SVM's robust validity and outperformed the SVI with an almost four-fold increase in explained variance (46% vs. 12%). The SVM was also highly correlated (r ≥ 0.60) to zip-code level health outcomes for the state of California and city of Chicago.

Conclusions

The SVM offers a measurement tool improving upon the performance of existing SDoH composite measures and has broad applicability to public health that may help in directing future policies and interventions. The SVM provides a single measure of SDoH that better quantifies associations with health outcomes.     

STAC3 related congenital myopathy: A case series of seven Comorian patients

The Bailey-Bloch congenital myopathy, also known as Native American myopathy (NAM), is an autosomal recessive congenital myopathy first reported in the Lumbee tribe people settled in North Carolina (USA), and characterized by congenital weakness and arthrogryposis, cleft palate, ptosis, short stature, kyphoscoliosis, talipes deformities, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH) triggered by anesthesia. NAM is linked to STAC3 gene coding for a component of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscles. A homozygous missense variant (c.851G > C; p.Trp284Ser) in STAC3 segregated with NAM in the Lumbee families. Non-Native American patients with STAC3 related congenital myopathy, and with other various variants of STAC3 have been reported. Here, we present seven patients from the Comoros Islands (located in the Mozambique Channel) diagnosed with STAC3 related congenital myopathy and having the recurrent variant identified in the Lumbee people. The series is the second largest series of patients having STAC3 related congenital myopathy with a shared ethnicity after le Lumbee series. Local history and geography may explain the overrepresentation of NAM in the Comorian Archipelago with a founder effect. Further researches would be necessary for the understanding of the onset of the NAM in Comorian population as search of the “classical” STAC3 variant in East African population, and haplotypes comparison between Comorian and Lumbee patients.     

TGF-β、PD-L1及PI3K蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义北大核心

目的:检测胃癌组织中TGF-β、PD-L1及PI3K的表达情况,并探讨TGF-β、PD-L1及PI3K表达的临床意义。方法:收集2017年01月至2018年01月我院74例接受过胃癌根治术且组织学证实为胃腺癌患者的病例蜡块标本。采用免疫组织化学法检测其中TGF-β、PD-L1以及PI3K的表达情况,分析其与临床病理参数之间的关系及三者在胃癌组织中表达的相关性,并分析其与胃癌患者预后生存之间的关系。结果:胃癌组织中TGF-β、PD-L1、PI3K阳性率高于癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);胃癌组织中TGF-β的表达与淋巴结转移、临床TNM分期有关(P<0.05),与年龄、性别、分化程度、浸润程度、肿瘤直径无显著相关性(P>0.05);胃癌组织中PD-L1和PI3K的表达与肿瘤浸润程度、淋巴结转移、临床TNM分期有关(P<0.05),与年龄、性别、分化程度、肿瘤直径无显著相关性(P>0.05);在胃癌组织中,TGF-β与PD-L1的表达呈正相关(P<0.05),TGF-β与PI3K的表达呈正相关(P<0.05),PI3K与PD-L1的表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析提示,与TGF-β、PD-L1、PI3K阴性相比,TGF-β、PD-L1、PI3K阳性表达的患者总生存期明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌组织中存在TGF-β、PD-L1以及PI3K的高表达,并且TGF-β、PD-L1、PI3K的表达与淋巴结转移、临床TNM分期密切相关,三者可能参与胃癌的发生、发展和转移,且高表达患者的预后情况较差。